IP : Internet Protocol : used for addressing internet enabled devices, Types : ipv4 ,ipv6
IPv4 :
– 32 bit unique addressing of computer network. We can get max of 4billion IP’s including public & private .
– IPv4 is means 4 octets binary number
| IP Decimal | Binary Value |
| 192.168.1.101 | 11000000.10101000.00000001.01100101 |
| IP Decimal | Octet 1 | Octet 2 | Octet 3 | Octet 4 |
| 192.168.1.101 | 11000000. | 10101000. | 00000001. | 01100101 |
Unlike the decimal number system where we use the digits 0 to 9 to represent a number, in a binary system, we use only 2 digits that are 0 and 1 (bits).
Finding Binary value of 192.168.1.101:
192 : Divide 192 by 2. Use the integer quotient obtained in this step as the dividend for the next step. Repeat the process until the quotient becomes 0.
| Dividend | Remainder |
|---|---|
| 192/2 = 96 | 0 |
| 96/2 = 48 | 0 |
| 48/2 = 24 | 0 |
| 24/2 = 12 | 0 |
| 12/2 = 6 | 0 |
| 6/2 = 3 | 0 |
| 3/2 = 1 | 1 |
| 1/2 = 0 | 1 |
Note : Write the remainder from bottom to top i.e. in the reverse chronological order. This will give the binary equivalent of 192.
Therefore, the binary equivalent of decimal number 192 is 11000000.
168 : Divide 168 by 2. Use the integer quotient obtained in this step as the dividend for the next step. Repeat the process until the quotient becomes 0.
| Dividend | Remainder |
|---|---|
| 168/2 = 84 | 0 |
| 84/2 = 42 | 0 |
| 42/2 = 21 | 0 |
| 21/2 = 10 | 1 |
| 10/2 = 5 | 0 |
| 5/2 = 2 | 1 |
| 2/2 = 1 | 0 |
| 1/2 = 0 | 1 |
Value : Write the remainder from bottom to top i.e. in the reverse chronological order. This will give the binary equivalent of 168.
Therefore, the binary equivalent of decimal number 168 is 10101000.
1 : Divide 1 by 2. Use the integer quotient obtained in this step as the dividend for the next step. Repeat the process until the quotient becomes 0.
| Dividend | Remainder |
|---|---|
| 1/2 = 0 | 1 |
Value : Write the remainder from bottom to top i.e. in the reverse chronological order. This will give the binary equivalent of 1.
Therefore, the binary equivalent of decimal number 1 is 1.
101 : Divide 101 by 2. Use the integer quotient obtained in this step as the dividend for the next step. Repeat the process until the quotient becomes 0.
| Dividend | Remainder |
|---|---|
| 101/2 = 50 | 1 |
| 50/2 = 25 | 0 |
| 25/2 = 12 | 1 |
| 12/2 = 6 | 0 |
| 6/2 = 3 | 0 |
| 3/2 = 1 | 1 |
| 1/2 = 0 | 1 |
Value : Write the remainder from bottom to top i.e. in the reverse chronological order. This will give the binary equivalent of 101.
Therefore, the binary equivalent of decimal number 101 is 1100101.
Grabbing 4 octets at one place:
| IP Decimal | Octet 1 @ 192 | Octet 2 @ 168 | Octet 3 @ 1 | Octet 4 @ 101 |
| 192.168.1.101 | 11000000. | 10101000. | 00000001. | 01100101 |
To Indicate 4 octets, we have to separate them with full stop .
| IP Decimal | Binary Value |
| 192.168.1.101 | 11000000.10101000.00000001.01100101 |
Binary to Decimal : Sum the values of Decimals where binary value is 1.
What is the decimal value of IP address : 11001001.10101000.00000001.01100101 = ?
| Power of two | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | |
| Decimal | 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| Binary bits | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 128+64= 192 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 128+32+8=168 | |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1=1 | |
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 64+32+4+1=101 |
110000.10101000.00000001.01100101 = 192.168.1.101